Porady Admina: locate
Dzisiejszy wpis z serii Porady Admina poświęcony jest poleceniu locate. Polecenie locate w systemie Linux jest używane do wyszukiwania plików
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Porady Admina: locale
W dzisiejszym wpisie z cyklu Porady Admina zajmiemy się poleceniem locale. Polecenie locale wyświetla informacje o bieżącym ustawieniu regionalnym lub
TOP of the TOP 2023
In the summary of 2023, I decided to make a list of the 10 most popular operating systems of the database of Linuxiarze.pl website. This list includes operating systems from the following families: Linux, BSD, Solaris, DOS, AROS, MikeOS, UNIX, and other operating systems that are or were developed independently, or are based on other existing projects.
As always, I took into account views of distribution/system pages, download pages and system installation pages.
Selecting the TOP 10 of the 2023, which you paid more attention to than other systems, may be interesting, but should not be a surprise.
A little surprise for me was the lack of systems other than based on the Linux kernel in the top 10 (or even 20)…
1. Linux Mint
Linux Mint is an Ubuntu-based system with non-free codecs and drivers installed by default, thanks to which a novice user has no problem playing popular audio and video files. Mint’s release cycle depends on Ubuntu releases, and new versions of the system are released approximately 1-2 months after the official premiere of Ubuntu.
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2. Ubuntu
Ubuntu is a Live Linux distribution based on Debian, which can be installed on a hard drive. The distribution is sponsored by Canonical and the Ubuntu Foundation and the first version was released in 2004. Ubuntu, like its predecessor, contains only free software, but it is also possible to install proprietary packages and from other repositories.
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3. Debian GNU/Linux
Debian is one of the oldest Linux distributions appreciated for its stability, a package management system that automatically solves dependency problems and security. Contrary to popular belief, Debian is not a particularly difficult system to install and manage, with a bit of commitment it will reciprocate with failure-free operation for a very long time.
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4. Kali Linux
Kali Linux is a specialized Linux distribution for security testing and cracking. The system is based on the Debian distribution from the testing branch and is equipped with the GNOME desktop. Kali Linux is the sequel/new version of Back|Track.
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5. Puppy Linux
Puppy Linux is an independent distribution started by Barry Kauler in 2003. Currently, the system is being developed by the Puppy Linux Community.
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6.Linux Lite
Linux Lite is a user-friendly and easy-to-use Linux distribution. It is based on Ubuntu LTS (Long Supported) and the default desktop is Xfce.
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7.SparkyLinux
SparkyLinux is a Linux distribution built on Debian. It has a rich set of programs, codecs and plug-ins pre-installed, allowing you to work freely on your computer.
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8. Zorin OS
Zorin is a distribution built on Ubuntu and aimed at beginner Linux users. The graphical interface is similar to MS Windows 2000, XP, 7 or Mac OSX (optional). It has pre-installed codecs, plug-ins and closed-source programs that will make it easier to switch from another system to Linux.
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9. Android-x86
Android-x86 is an unofficial version of the Google Android operating system, intended for Intel and AMD x86 processors. The system is based on the open source, community-developed Android Open Source Project (AOSP).
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10. Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE)
Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) is built on Debian packages from the testing branch. Just like the Ubuntu-based version, it includes non-free codecs and drivers installed by default, thanks to which a novice user has no problem playing popular audio and video files.
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Ten post jest również dostępny po polsku: https://linuxchannel.org/top-10-systemow-operacyjnych-2023/
TOP 10 distributions offering KDE Plasma desktop in 2023
TOP 10 most frequently visited Linux distributions, BSD and other operating systems that offer support for live/installation images with the KDE Plasma desktop in 2023 on the Linuxiarze.pl portal.
The following list of the 10 most popular distributions of Linux, BSD, Solaris and other operating systems using the KDE desktop Plasma limited itself to 10 Linux distributions, because these were the ones that dominated in this category in 2023. The list is purely illustrative and is based on page views of users of the Linuxiarze.pl portal. The ranking included distribution and download pages, installation guides and comments.
From Wikipedia:
“KDE Plasma 5 is the fifth and current generation of the graphical workspaces environment created by KDE primarily for Linux systems. KDE Plasma 5 is the successor of KDE Plasma 4 and was first released on 15 July 2014. It includes a new default theme, known as “Breeze”, as well as increased convergence across different devices. The graphical interface was fully migrated to QML, which uses OpenGL for hardware acceleration, which resulted in better performance and reduced power consumption. Plasma Mobile is a Plasma 5 variant for Linux-based smartphones.”
1. Debian GNU/Linux
Debian is one of the oldest Linux distributions appreciated for its stability, a package management system that automatically solves dependency problems and security. Contrary to popular belief, Debian is not a particularly difficult system to install and manage, with a bit of commitment it will reciprocate with failure-free operation for a very long time.
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2. SparkyLinux
SparkyLinux is a Linux distribution built on Debian. It has a rich set of programs, codecs and plug-ins pre-installed, allowing you to work freely on your computer.
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3. Manjaro
Manjaro Linux is a Live distribution built on Arch Linux and aimed at PC users. Manjaro Linux is offered in versions with the following desktops: Xfce, KDE and GNOME.
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4. openSUSE
openSUSE is an easy-to-use Linux distribution for PCs, laptops and servers. The openSUSE project is sponsored by Novell and was spun off from SUSE as an open, community version in 2005 (SUSE since 1994).
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5. OpenMandriva
OpenMandriva is a community Linux distribution intended for personal computers and servers. It is based on the Russian distribution ROSA, which was created as a fork of Mandriva in 2012.
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6.MX
MX is a Linux distribution based on antiX. The system uses the Xfce desktop by default. The project is developed in cooperation with the Mepis distribution community.
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7. KNOPPIX
Knoppix was the first Linux distribution created as a Live CD/DVD, i.e. run from a disk without the need for installation, by German engineer Klaus Knopper. The system is based on Debian testing with the default LXDE graphical environment (CD version) and can be installed on a hard drive or portable drive.
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8. Fedora
The project was created in 2003 based on Red Hat. Since 2005, the development of Fedora has been handled by the Fedora Foundation, which coordinates work on the system independently of Red Hat. Fedora Core contains the latest versions of packages that, after testing, go to Red Hat.
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9. Kubuntu
Kubuntu is an official derivative of Ubuntu using the KDE desktop environment.
It has the same base system components as Ubuntu. Available for amd64 hardware architecture.
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10. KDE neon
KDE neon is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution that provides the latest stable version of the KDE Plasma desktop environment in the form of Live DVD media. The Live system, which can be installed on a hard drive, is built on the basis of Ubuntu by the developers of the KDE project.
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Wpis dostępny również w języku polskim: https://linuxiarze.pl/top-10-kde-distro-2023/
TOP 10 rescue operating systems in 2023
The following list is dedicated to the most popular operating systems of the Linux, BSD, Solaris, AROS, DOS and other independent systems that offer a customized, ready-to-use rescue system. The list contains systems that caught your attention the most, from the beginning of January to the end of July 2023 on the Linuxiarze.pl portal.
The list takes into account pageviews of distribution, downloads and comments.
The full list of rescue systems can be found at: https://linuxiarze.pl/dystrybucje-ratunkowe/
1. SparkyLinux
SparkyLinux is a Linux distribution built on Debian. It has a pre-installed rich set of programs, codecs and plug-ins enabling free work on the computer. The Rescue Edition is a Live DVD/USB system with no hard drive installation option. Live provides tools to analyze and repair damaged files, partitions, and operating systems.
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2. All in One
All in One System – Rescue Toolkit (AIO) is a live Linux distribution designed to repair systems, recover files, and reset Windows passwords. The AIO is based on Lubuntu and comes with several rescue tools for use by technicians and system administrators.
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3.Boot-Repair-Disk
Boot-Repair-Disk is a Linux distribution built on top of Debian.
The system comes with a Boot-Repair program that allows you to restore the bootloader with one click. The process is fully automated and allows for a “stress-free” repair of the bootloader.
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4.GParted LiveCD
GParted (GNOME Partition Editor) is a disk partition management tool. The program allows you to create, copy, read, delete, move and resize partitions. It supports many types of file systems, such as Btrfs, ext2, ext3, ext4, FAT16, FAT32, HFS, HFS+, JFS, SWAP, NTFS, Reiser4, ReiserFS, UFS and XFS.
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5. Clonezilla Live
Clonezilla is a specialized live Linux distribution that allows you to back up the entire system or individual directories and restore them. The main version is built on the unstable branch of Debian “Sid” and the alternative version is based on Ubuntu.
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6. Redo Rescue
Redo Rescue (previously: Redo Backup and Recovery) is a specialized distribution designed for cloning and restoring MS Windows and Linux disks and partitions. It is built on the Debian GNU/Linux distribution (previously on Lubuntu). Redo works in Live mode without the need to install on a disk.
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7. Ikki Boot
Ikki Boot is a bootable specialized CD/USB containing tools for computer error detection, disk partitioning, system backup, etc. The live disk contains tools and applications such as: SliTaz, GParted, Clonezilla, TestDisk, Darik Boot, Nuke and Super Grub Disk.
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8. G4L
G4L (formerly: Ghost for Linux) is a specialized Linux distribution for cloning partitions and entire disks. The default backup program is Partimage. G4L is similar in functionality to the proprietary Norton Ghost.
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9. Parted Magic OS
Parted Magic OS is a commercial, specialized Live Linux distribution. It is used to manage, test and diagnose disk partitions, memory and other computer components. The system can be booted from a CD, USB flash drive, or hard drive without installation (using PXE).
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10. Snal Linux
Snal (Simple Networked and Live) Linux is a small Linux distribution based on Arch Linux. It comes with the i3 window manager and includes the Firefox web browser as well as several network tools and file systems.
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Wpis dostępny również w języku polskim: https://linuxiarze.pl/top-10-ratunkowe-systemy-operacyjne-2023/
TOP 10 multimedia operating systems in 2023
The list of operating systems is devoted to the most popular operating systems of the Linux, BSD, Solaris, AROS, DOS family and other independent operating systems that offer a customized, ready-to-use system for multimedia purpose. The list contains systems that caught your attention the most, from the beginning of January to the end of June 2023 on the Linuxiarze.pl portal.
The list takes into account pageviews of distribution, downloads and comments.
1. SparkyLinux
SparkyLinux is a Linux distribution built on Debian. It has a pre-installed rich set of programs, codecs and plug-ins enabling free work on the computer. The “Multimedia” edition is equipped with a wide set of tools for creating and editing graphics, audio, video and HTML pages.
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2. AV Linux
AV Linux is a distribution based on MX Linux (formerly Debian) from the stable branch, designed for multimedia applications. It has a large collection of programs for creating and editing audio and video files.
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3. OpenELEC
OpenELEC (Open Embedded Linux Entertainment Center) is an independent operating system for embedded devices, based on the Linux kernel and providing a complete multimedia center based on XBMC.
The last available version was released in 2017.
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4. Salient OS
Salient OS is an Arch Linux-based distribution for multimedia and game enthusiasts, developed in a continuous development model. The system is configured with various applications to help the user quickly start using Salient OS without having to download additional applications themselves.
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5. Ubuntu Studio
Ubuntu Studio is an official Ubuntu derivative developed since 2007. It is a specialized distribution containing many applications for creating and editing music, movies and graphics. The applied kernel has been modified in order to obtain the lowest possible delays during sound generation.
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6. CoreELEC
CoreELEC is a Linux operating system distribution, based on LibreELEC, combining cutting-edge hardware support with small disk and memory footprints while providing a powerful, elegant and non-destructive solution that provides a complete Kodi Entertainment Center experience for Android set-top boxes using the ARMv8.x-A platform pre-installed with Android 7.1 or later.
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7. LibreELEC
LibreELEC is an independent Linux distribution based on OpenELEC. The system allows you to transform your home computer and other devices into a multimedia center.
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8. Daphile OS
Daphile is a minimalist Linux distribution based on Gentoo Linux that provides a music player for computers without the need for a hard drive.
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9. OSMC
OSMC (Open Source Media Center) (previously: Raspbmc) is a Debian-based minimalist Linux distribution for multimedia purposes. OSMC offers a pre-installed Kodi media center app for Raspberry Pi, Apple TV, and Vero devices.
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10. Apodio
APODIO is a specialized Linux distribution that includes a large set of multimedia applications.
It is used to create and share audio and video materials on the network, stream radio and TV programs and create graphics.
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Wpis dostępny również w języku polskim: https://linuxiarze.pl/top-10-multimedialne-systemy-operacyjne-2023/
TOP 20 operating systems that support ARM architecture in 2023
The next list of operating systems is devoted to the most popular operating systems of the Linux, BSD, Solaris, AROS, DOS family and other independent ones that support the ARM architecture (armhf, arm64 (aarch64)). The systems in the list below caught your attention more than the others in the period from the beginning of January 2023 to the end of April 2023 at Linuxiarze.pl
The list takes into account page views of distribution, downloads and comments.
1. Kali Linux
Kali Linux is a specialized Linux distribution for security testing and cracking. The system is based on the Debian distribution from the testing branch and is equipped with the GNOME desktop.
Download
2. SparkyLinux
SparkyLinux is a Linux distribution built on Debian. It has a pre-installed rich set of programs, codecs and plug-ins enabling free work on the computer.
Download
3. openSUSE
openSUSE is an easy-to-use Linux distribution for PCs, laptops and servers. The openSUSE project is sponsored by Novell and was spun off from SUSE as an open community version in 2005 (SUSE since 1994).
Download
4. Fedora
The project was created in 2003 on the basis of Red Hat. Since 2005, the development of Fedora has been handled by the Fedora Foundation, which coordinates work on the system independently of Red Hat. Fedora Core contains the latest versions of packages that are sent to Red Hat after testing.
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5. Debian
Debian is one of the oldest Linux distributions valued for its stability, excellent package management system that automatically resolves dependency issues, and security.
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6. Parrot Security OS
Parrot Security OS is a specialized Linux distribution built for penetration testing, computer forensics, hacking, cloud computing security testing, privacy/anonymity and cryptography.
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7. NAS4Free
NAS4Free is an open source operating system for embedded devices, providing a NAS (Network-Attached Storage) server. The system is based on FreeBSD. NAS4Free allows you to share resources with other machines equipped with MS Windows, Apple and UNIX/Linux operating systems.
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8. ALT Linux
ALT Linux is a GNU/Linux distribution launched in 2001 based on Mandrake Linux packages. ALT Linux offers a set of several versions of the system with different applications, which are addressed to different recipients.
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9. IPFire
IPFire is an independent Linux distribution that provides ready-to-use firewall software. The system is based on Linux From Scratch, but was created as a fork of the IPCop distribution.
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10. LibreELEC
LibreELEC is an independent Linux distribution based on OpenELEC. The system allows you to transform your home computer and other devices into a multimedia center.
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11. Tiny Core
Tiny Core is one of the smallest Linux distributions that run in graphical mode. It is an independent distribution, but derived from the no longer developed Damn Small Linux. Tiny Core includes Linux kernel, Xvesa graphics server, FLWM window manager, aterm terminal, BusyBox, udev, glibc, cron, appbrowser package manager.
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12. CoreELEC
CoreELEC is a Linux operating system distribution, based on LibreELEC, combining state-of-the-art hardware support with small disk and memory footprints while providing a powerful, elegant and non-destructive solution that provides a complete Kodi Entertainment Center experience for Android set-top boxes using the ARMv8.x-A platform pre-installed with Android 7.1 or later.
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13. Void Linux
Void Linux is a standalone general purpose Linux distribution. The system is equipped with a hybrid package manager “XBPS”, which allows you to install, update and remove packages, as well as build applications from source packages.
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14. Photon OS
Photon OS™ is an open source Linux container host optimized for native applications for cloud platforms and VMware infrastructure. Photon OS provides a secure runtime environment for containers to run efficiently.
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15. FreeBSD
FreeBSD is a Unix operating system from the BSD family, compliant with the Posix standard. The founders of the project were Nate Williams, Rod Grimes and Jordan Hubbard. The development of the project is supervised by the Core Team, which supervises the work of official developers and other programmers.
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16. AROS
AROS Research Operating System is an open source operating system developed since 1995. The project was created as a free implementation of AmigaOS for PCs and PowerPC, ARM and m68k. The original name of the Amiga Research Operating System was changed to AROS in order to avoid problems with the Amiga brand’s license disclaimers.
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17. Devuan
Devuan is a fork of the Debian GNU/Linux distribution, founded in October 2014. The main intention of the project is to provide a Linux distribution without the ‘systemd’ init system installed by default.
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18. Rancher OS
RancherOS is an independently developed, open-source, specialized Linux distribution that provides a minimal operating system to run Docker containers.
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19. Lakka
Lakka is a Linux distribution that allows you to turn your PC and other devices into an old game console. Lakka is built on OpenELEC and comes with RetroArch GUI.
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20. Gentoo
Gentoo Linux is a distribution started by project founder Daniel Robbins and currently maintained by the Gentoo Foundation. Gentoo is supported by the Portage installation management system, which installs packages from source packages.
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Wpis dostępny również w języku polskim: https://linuxiarze.pl/2023-systemy-operacyjne-arm/
Linux distributions still support the 32 bit architecture in 2023 part2
GNUinOS
GNUinOS is a fork of the Devuan GNU/Linux distribution that uses the Openbox window manager. It is very lightweight, comes with the linux-libre kernel, and is focused on general purpose computers. The project aims to create a distribution fully approved by the FSF.
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GParted LiveCD
GParted (GNOME Partition Editor) is a disk partition management tool. The program allows you to create, copy, read, delete, move and resize partitions. It supports many types of file systems, such as Btrfs, ext2, ext3, ext4, FAT16, FAT32, HFS, HFS+, JFS, SWAP, NTFS, Reiser4, ReiserFS, UFS and XFS.
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Grml
Grml is a live distribution built on Debian from the stable branch.
It contains a set of tools (mostly text) for system administrators.
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GuixSD
GuixSD (Guix System Distribution) is an independent GNU/Linux distribution centered around the GNU Guix package manager. The distribution uses the Linux-libre kernel, and has support for the GNU Hurd, which is under development. In February 2015, GuixSd was added to the Free Software Foundation’s list of free distributions.
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Hyperbola
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-Libre is an open source project providing a completely free and free GNU/Linux-libre operating system. Hyperbola is based on Arch Linux, includes security patches from Debian, and optimized packages for the i686 and x86_64 architectures.
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Kali
Kali Linux is a specialized Linux distribution for security testing and cracking. The system is based on the Debian distribution from the testing branch and is equipped with the GNOME desktop.
Download
KNOPPIX
Knoppix was the first Linux distribution created as a Live CD/DVD, i.e. run from CD without installation, by the German engineer Klaus Knopper. The system is based on test Debian with the default LXDE graphical environment (CD version) and can be installed on a hard drive or a portable drive.
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Lion
Lion Linux is an operating system for desktops and laptops. It is designed to work “out of the box” and is fully loaded with apps that most people need.
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LxPup
LxPup is a Linux distribution based on Puppy. LxPup offers LXDE as the default desktop environment, Openbox as the window manager, LxPanelX (a fork of LxPanel, and the PCManFM file manager.
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Mageia
Mageia (Greek: magic) is a fork of Mandriva. It was created in 2010 and is being developed by a non-profit organization consisting of former Mandriva employees and the community gathered around the project.
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LMDE
Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) is built on Debian packages from the testing branch. Just like the Ubuntu-based version, it comes with non-free codecs and drivers installed by default, so novice users have no problem playing popular audio and video files.
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Miyo
MiyoLinux is a Devuan-based, Refract-based minimalist Linux distribution. The system uses Openbox as the default window manager, which is ideal for older or resource-constrained computers. Iso images equipped with IceWM, JWM and i3 are also available.
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MX
MX is a Linux distribution built on top of antiX. The system uses the Xfce desktop by default. The project is developed in cooperation with the Mepis distribution community.
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nakeDeb
nakeDeb is a French Debian-based Linux distribution planned to accompany the kissballad project.
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NixOS
NixOS is an independent GNU/Linux distribution developed since 2003. NixOS stands out from other distributions with its innovative way of managing packages and building the structure of system directories.
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OLPC
One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) is an initiative to create low-cost laptops with a pre-installed operating system and a set of applications for children in developing countries.
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openmamba
openmamba GNU/Linux is an independent Linux distribution aimed at users of personal computers (Intel i686 compatible). The system can be used on notebooks, desktops and servers.
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Pentoo
Pentoo is a live Linux distribution for network testing, station security, and intrusion detection. Includes GPGPU password cracking tools configured with openCL and CUDA.
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